Medication Safety · 6 min read
Published · Updated
Editorial note: This article was prepared for this website from the sources listed below. Unless a named clinical reviewer is shown, it has not been attributed to or clinically reviewed by an individual KPMC clinician.
Antibiotics treat bacteria, not viruses
Antibiotics can be important for specific bacterial infections but do not treat colds, influenza and many coughs or sore throats. A clinician decides whether they are likely to help based on the illness, examination, risk factors and sometimes tests. Not receiving an antibiotic does not mean symptoms are being dismissed.
Use the prescription exactly as directed
Confirm the dose, timing, duration, food instructions, allergies and important interactions. Do not share antibiotics, use another person's supply, or keep leftovers for a future illness. If a dose is missed, follow the label or ask a pharmacist rather than doubling automatically.
Side effects can include nausea, diarrhoea or rash, but severe reactions need urgent help. Hubungi a clinician if symptoms worsen, expected improvement does not occur, or side effects make it difficult to continue. Do not stop or extend the course without advice.
Antimicrobial resistance affects everyone
Bacteria can change so antibiotics become less effective. Using antibiotics only when indicated, preventing infection through vaccination and hygiene, and following prescribing advice all support antimicrobial stewardship.
At a glance
Key takeaways
- Antibiotics do not work against viral infections.
- Never share, save or independently extend an antibiotic course.
- Ask a pharmacist or prescriber about missed doses, interactions and side effects.
When to seek care
- Call emergency services for breathing difficulty, facial or throat swelling, collapse, severe blistering rash or another suspected severe allergic reaction.
- Seek prompt advice for severe or bloody diarrhoea, worsening infection, persistent fever or inability to take the prescribed medicine.
General information only. This article does not replace medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening, seek urgent medical care. In Malaysia, call 999 for an emergency or go to the nearest emergency department.
Source notes
Article sources
- World Health Organization: Antimicrobial resistance
- CDC: Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance Facts
- NHS: Antibiotics
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